The transport of hydrocarbons in the oil industry depends on
the use of pipelines that can be damaged by corrosion, causing large
impacts on production, significant damage to property, as well as
pollution, and risk to human lives.Corrosion inhibitors, such as molybdates,
phosphates, and ethanolamines, are effective, but they are very toxic.
The development of corrosion inhibitors, non-toxic and
compatible with the environment, is an area of great importance in the science
and technology of corrosion. Inhibitor substances extracted from plants offer
environmental and cost advantages; for example alkaloid extracts from Oxandra
asbeckii plant, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Geissospermum leave Euphorbia falcate show
89% inhibition efficiency, Morinda tinctoria has a 70% at 30% v/v, they have
been tested, but there is a lack in assessing and identyfing the active
substance.
Nicotine is an
organic compound belonging to the alkaloids: a liquid, oily, and colorless
derivative of the ortinina synthesized in the areas of high activity in the
roots of tobacco plants, and transported by the sap to the greens.
Structurally, this compound
is formed by a pyridine and a pyrrole that could have bifunctional activity
from nitrogen atoms. Given its chemical structure, this organic compound is a
candidate for the protection
of petroleum pipeline systems, since it is of natural origin, readily found
in tobacco plants (nicotiana tabacum), in which it is the major active chemical
component.
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