The phenomenon of calcium carbonate crystal growth from
aqueous solutions on surfaces widely occurs in systems where carbonate and
bicarbonate ions are present, such as in domestic systems, waste and drinkable
water treatment systems or industrial apparatus where water is used.
Crystal growth leads to the formation of mineral scale which
reduces the performance of membrane materials in equipment. The scale
development is affected by factors such as: pH, super-saturation index, temperature,
water composition etc.
The process of scaling and crystal growth includes the following stages:The
induction period involve nucleation and crystal growth, and The mineralizing
crystals and others particles transportation from the bulk and its adhesion to
the surface,and Ageing of crystals at a surface, for instance due to recrystallization
and dehydration.Other components present in a mineralizing solution could
increase or decrease the crystal growth rate by adhesion to crystal surfaces.
No comments:
Post a Comment