Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme

The aim of this study was to create universal chimeric conjugates able to react with both avian and mammalian immunoglobulins to be used as a reagent in Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs).

The periodate method was used in the conjugation process of linking horseradish peroxidase to immunoglobulin-binding bacterial proteins. ELISAs were used to prove the efficacy of the conjugates, namely newly synthesize conjugates (NSC) in the detection of immunoglobulins.

All NSC bound to mammalian immunoglobulins, but failed to bind avian immunoglobulin Y (IgY), with the exception of the SpLAG-anti-IgY-HRP that was the most versatile binding to the all panel of purified immunoglobulin and sera.

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Ionic Liquids Matrices for Laser Assisted Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

This review article discussed application of ionic liquids as matrices (ILMs) for mass spectrometry (MS). ILMs were applied for matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization, matrices assisted electrospray ionization (ILMs-ESI-MS) and desorption corona beam ionization (DCBI-MS).

Ionic liquids matrices provided several advantages such as low vapor pressure, have high stability for storage and under vacuum, extremely high sensitivity and showed low background or interferences.

They are non-explosive, non-flammable and are thermally stable. The materials are promising for real measurements and require further investigations to improve the current performance.

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Study on the Effect of Nanoparticle Loadings in Base Fluids for Improvement of Drilling Fluid Properties

Nanotechnology is increasingly capturing the attention of material researchers as this technology pushes the limits and boundaries of the pure material itself.

Liquids dispersed with nanoparticles generally have higher physical properties enhancements. In the current study, ball-milled functionalized –COOH carbon nanoparticles were introduced into the targeted base fluid of drilling mud.

The investigating parameter involved in this study is carbon nanoparticle loadings, ranging from 0 wt% to 1.0 wt%, which is readily dispersed in the base fluid.

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Studies on Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Thermo- Inactivation of Some Quality-Related Enzymes in White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata)

The effect of heat treatment on the activities of three quality related enzymes peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and lipoxygenase (LOX), from edible white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) was studied over a temperature range of 50 to 80°C using mathematical analysis of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the thermoinactivation of the enzymes.

Denaturation of these enzymes, measured by loss in activity, could be described by a simple first-order reaction that was resolved into biphasic inactivation curves.

This indicates the existence of two isoforms of different thermal stabilities with k-values between 0.032 and 0.525. D-values decreased with increasing temperature, indicating faster inactivation of the enzymes at higher temperatures.

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Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Fleroxacin in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Human Urine

Quality control of drug fleroxacin dosage, its monitoring in biological fluids, and research of drug’s metabolism and action are an important analytical task.

A new chemiluminescence (CL) reaction system was established for the determination of fleroxacin (FLX). The trivalence dysprosium-sensitized CL emission mechanism was investigated by comparing the fluorescence emission with CL spectra.

The CL spectra of FLX-KMnO 4 -Na 2 S 2 O 3 -H 6 P 4 O 13 system are from the narrow characteristic emission of Dy 3+ at 482 and 578 nm ( 4 F 9 → 6 H 15/2 , 4 F 9 → 6 H 13/2 ) through the energy transfer from the excited SO 2 * to analyte, followed by intramolecular energy transfer from analyte* to Dy 3+ .

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Synthesis of Schiff Base Unsaturated Oligomeric Polyester for Determination of Trace Lead

A new very sensitive and selective chromogenic reagents prepared by the reaction of Schiff base with maleic anhydride (MA) and 1,4-butane (I), ethylene (II), 1,6-hexamethylene (III) and 1,2-propane diol (IV), respectively, were synthesized and studied for the determination of trace lead in detail.

In 0.1molL−1 NaOH medium, lead reacts with polyester to form a yellow complex, which gives a maximum absorption at 462, 478, 482 and 495 nm using I, II, III and IV respectively.

Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration ranges 0.04-1.20μgmL−1, whereas optimum concentration ranges as adopted from Ringbom method was 0.10-1.05μgmL−1.

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Analyzing the Methods to Remove Artifacts Encountered in the Development of a NIR Quantitative Model for Powder Medicines

The wrapper composition, particle size and crystallinity of powder drugs all affect their NIR spectra. To remove these effects, one must apply proper spectral preprocessing methods and good algorithms before developing a NIR quantitative model.

Though different spectral preprocessing methods possess different functions aimed at removing different effects, we have found that use of the first derivative+vector normalization (FD+VN) removes the effects of packaging bottle and particle size in the NIR spectra.

The effect of crystallinity cannot be removed with spectral preprocessing methods, but it can be reduced by choosing a proper calibration set, choosing a specific principal component, and applying partial least squares fitting.

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