Tobacco Smoke-Induced Alterations in Hepatic Lipid Profiles Demonstrated by Imaging Mass Spectrometry

To account for differences in susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease (ALD), tobacco smoking should be evaluated as a potential cofactor given the very high percentage of heavy drinkers also smoke, and the NNK tobacco-specific nitrosamine was shown to cause steatohepatitis and exacerbate molecular and biochemical effects of alcohol on the liver.

Since one of the key factors linked to ALD progression is dysregulated lipid metabolism, we examined effects of cigarette smoke (CS) exposures on hepatic lipid profiles using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS).

Adult male A/J mice were exposed to air (8 weeks; A8), CS for 4 (CS4) or 8 (CS8) weeks; or CS8 with 2 weeks recovery (CS8+R). MALDI-IMS demonstrated broad CS-associated reductions in hepatic phospholipids that were partly ameliorated by short-term recovery.

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Tobacco Smoke-Induced Alterations in Hepatic Lipid Profiles Demonstrated by Imaging Mass Spectrometry

To account for differences in susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease (ALD), tobacco smoking should be evaluated as a potential cofactor given the very high percentage of heavy drinkers also smoke, and the NNK tobacco-specific nitrosamine was shown to cause steatohepatitis and exacerbate molecular and biochemical effects of alcohol on the liver.

Since one of the key factors linked to ALD progression is dysregulated lipid metabolism, we examined effects of cigarette smoke (CS) exposures on hepatic lipid profiles using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS).

Adult male A/J mice were exposed to air (8 weeks; A8), CS for 4 (CS4) or 8 (CS8) weeks; or CS8 with 2 weeks recovery (CS8+R). MALDI-IMS demonstrated broad CS-associated reductions in hepatic phospholipids that were partly ameliorated by short-term recovery.

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Investigation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of Biofield Treated Phenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and 4-methoxyphenol (4-MP) are phenol derivatives that are generally known for their antioxidant properties and depigmenting activities.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance of BHT and 4-MP using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

BHT and 4-MP samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control group remained untreated while the treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment.

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GC-MS Technique and its Analytical Applications in Science and Technology

GC-MS is highly effective and versatile analytical techniques with numerous scientific applications to cater the field of applied Sciences and Technology.

This review elaborates the significant uses of this technique. It is a very useful for quality control, analytical research, impurity profiling and maintenance for human welfare and development.

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is a hyphenated analytical technique that combines the separation properties of gas-liquid chromatography.

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Ionic Liquids Matrices for Laser Assisted Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

This review article discussed application of ionic liquids as matrices (ILMs) for mass spectrometry (MS). ILMs were applied for matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization, matrices assisted electrospray ionization (ILMs-ESI-MS) and desorption corona beam ionization (DCBI-MS).

Ionic liquids matrices provided several advantages such as low vapor pressure, have high stability for storage and under vacuum, extremely high sensitivity and showed low background or interferences.

They are non-explosive, non-flammable and are thermally stable. The materials are promising for real measurements and require further investigations to improve the current performance.

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Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections by Mass Spectrometry: Present and Future

Rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the causative agent(s) of bloodstream infections may impact on the clinical outcome of patients, which is directly related to the prompt administration of an effective antimicrobial therapy.

Empirical antimicrobial therapy is chosen on the basis of clinical and epidemiological data and it is administered immediately after blood sampling but, in a significant number of cases, it has to be streamlined on the basis of the microbiological report.

Rapid identification has a clinically relevant impact on the timely selection of an appropriate antimicrobial therapy, especially in low-prevalence areas for antimicrobial resistance.

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Isotopic Abundance Analysis of Biofield Treated Benzene, Toluene and p-Xylene Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

Benzene, toluene and p-xylene are derivatives of benzene, generally produced from crude petroleum and have numerous applications in industry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on isotopic abundance of these benzene derivatives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Benzene, toluene and p-xylene samples were divided into two parts: control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treatment part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Control and treated samples were characterized using GC-MS.

GC-MS data revealed that isotopic abundance ratio of 13C/12C or 2H/1H (PM+1/PM) of treated samples were significantly increased from un-substituted to substituted benzene rings (where, PM- primary molecule, PM+1- isotopic molecule either for 13C/12C and/or 2H/1H).

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Advances and Changes in the Techniques of Multi- Dimensional and Comprehensive Chromatography and When Coupled with Mass Spectrometry

This review covers the principles of two dimensional gas and liquid chromatography (2DGC and 2DLC) and briefly introduces the theory accounting for the increase in separation resulting from a greater peak capacity than for the one dimensional (1D) mode.

The advance in the techniques from multi-dimensional to comprehensive chromatography is discussed. The more recent development of multi-dimensional chromatography ion mobility mass spectrometry receives a mention to highlight the added dimension of molecular size and shape (molecular collision cross section) as an enabling tool for increasing component separation and peak capacity.

Although both the techniques of 2DGC and LC are described the focus is on the environmental and food applications of 2DGC, principally when coupled to mass spectrometry, with TOFMS and HRMS as prime examples.

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Ionic Liquids Matrices for Laser Assisted Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTIL) are molten salts with melting point below 100 °C. They have distinctive properties and thus they were used for catalysis, separations, mass spectrometry, and other.

They have been applied as ion pairing reagent for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), solvent for liquid-liquid extraction, stationary phases for chromatography and as solvents in electrochemistry. The materials have many properties that enhanced and improved the analysis using mass spectrometry.

In general, the typical mass spectrometer is consist of five parts; inlet for the sample, ion source, analyzer, detector and vacuum. The main roles of ionic liquids in mass spectrometry are mainly focused in the improvement of the analyte ionization, as solvent and as ion-pairing reagent for ESI-MS.The present review is a tutorial article for researchers who seek about the application of ionic liquids for mass spectrometry.

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